Analysis of competitiveness of Chinese textile in EU market Essay

Examination of seriousness of Chinese material in EU showcase - Essay Example The paper tells about the section of China on the planet advertise since 2005, with the share benefits is instrumental in her rising situation as a significant player on the planet showcase with bleeding edge of intensity and better expectations. Clark sees in his investigation of universal seriousness the requirement for the administration and association to work in amicability. â€Å"Management and association is the point of convergence of Clark’s study. It is the power of worldwide intensity that makes impetus for change. A legislature can make brief motivators yet can do little to get household firms streamline their target capacities in the long run†. The investigation led by Caves demonstrates that makers conduct and asset distribution are modified in terms of professional career changes, pace of modification of the structure of the assembling. Enterprises to import rivalry and the measure of the sunk capital are profoundly related, promoting opportunity at a wor ldwide scale upgrades the plant-scale economies, and the item separation changes the impact of import competition.Collis advocates an alternate methodology saying â€Å"that a suitable mechanical strategy rectifies showcase flaws and makes harmonious condition for fruitful business. To receive reasonable mechanical arrangement, it is fundamental to obviously characterize industry’s job, comprehend company’s systems in the light of moving similar preferred position and the changing structure of the worldwide enterprises, distinguish showcase disappointments and execute intelligible strategies to limit the pitfalls.†

Discussion Board Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Conversation Board - Assignment Example Much more, the issue of subjection was something that caused tumult, a mix and stalemate inside the passageways governmental issues and the dynamic American culture. Calhoun in his discourse focuses on that the tasteful purge of the subject of servitude would, if not vetoed by some reasonable and efficacious measure, end in contradiction among the gatherings in question. Calhoun in his conceivable discourse accepts that the anguish had arrived at specific levels that were possibly unsafe to the endurance of the Union. Now, the sort of danger that faces the Union prompts Calhoun to opine the earnest need to save the Union. Interestingly, Webster in his discourse is supportive of settling. In his discourse, Webster accepts emphatically with the goal that the Constitution ought to perceive property in subjugation. Additionally, Seward like Calhoun in his perfect discourse recognizes that the Union was saturated with threat, and that the best way to spare it was through trade off. Interestingly, be that as it may, Seward in his discourse gives off an impression of being questioned towards the consideration of subjection into the Constitution. He opines that the established acknowledgment of servitude is in repudiation to the law of nature. Impressively, he goes further to communicate the reality we depend upon the laws of God, which ban bondage. What's more, that every human institution are re-establishments of God’s law. Notwithstanding it being colorful and exhausted, I discover Seward’s contention significantly all the more convincing as it puts the human interests first before anything. His contention is prepared on the bicentenary of the disposal of

Questions to Ask Yourself Before You Divorce

Questions to Ask Yourself Before You Divorce Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems Print Questions to Ask Yourself Before You Divorce By Marni Feuerman Marni Feuerman is a psychotherapist in private practice who has been helping couples with marital issues for more than 27 years. Learn about our editorial policy Marni Feuerman Updated on February 21, 2020 Glow Images, Inc/Getty Images More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse So, you have gotten to a point in your marriage where you are seriously considering divorce. This decision has potentially serious negative consequences for you, your spouse, and those you are close to within your life. It is a choice that must be thought through deliberately and carefully. What Has Gotten You to the Point Where Divorce Is the Option? This is complicated and it will be difficult for you to be objective. Have you  grown apart and become disconnected? Have your conflicts been handled poorly? Are you avoidant and unwilling to communicate? Some people say that their feelings are gone. This is a sad and painful place to be. If you are having an affair, then you will not have a clear idea about your feelings towards your spouse. It is completely unrealistic to compare your spouse with your new lover. Feelings were once there or there never would have been a second date, much less a marriage. To get your feelings back, you must be willing to put behavior before feelings. Acting as if you have loving feelings may have a very surprising and positive impact on your interactions with your spouse. If you are not willing to look at your own contributions to the state of your marriage, you will most certainly carry some of your problems into your next relationship. It is imperative for you to think about what you need to change. Why not practice that with your spouse? Solid Ways to Strengthen a Marriage and Avoid Divorce What Have You Done to Try to Fix the Problems? If you have never been to marriage counseling together, then what would be the downside to trying? Alternatively, maybe you did try, but it was not your best effort. Perhaps the therapist you chose was not a good fit for one or both of you. Or, as is sometimes the case, one or both of you were not completely honest about everything. At this crisis point in your marriage, seek out a highly qualified marriage therapist.??  Now is also not the time to be cheap about it. This is too important a decision. Chances are you both have been poor problem solvers regarding your marital issues and need professional help. Go into counseling with an agenda for change in yourself, not what you want to change in your partner, to have a much better chance of success. What Will the Impact Be on Your Children? If you have children that are still at home, you must think through how this will affect their lives. This will be something that will change them in significant ways regardless of how smooth you believe the divorce process will be for you and your spouse. Contrary to what you might be telling yourself unless there is a significant amount of conflicts  such as loud and frequent fighting or abuse, your kids just want a home with you both in it. Research shows that kids do better emotionally with you together, even if you are unhappy, rather than divorced.?? Having two households is not fun for them and it may actually not be for you. You may even come to regret your divorce, as many people do. Will you be okay with your spouses new romantic partner being around your kids? You will not be able to control this. Blended families pose lots of complications. The divorce rate is worse for subsequent marriages.?? Since the odds are not in your favor, why not try to make your current situation better? What Were the Best Times in Your Relationship? When have you felt the most connection with your spouse? What was happening when you felt the most joy and happiness? Think about what attracted you to your partner. What traits did you fall in love with (even if they may be making your crazy now)? Only focus at this moment on the positives. Are you able to imagine getting back to that place? If you can imagine it, chances are you can get there with the right process. Do not stay in the bubble of indecisiveness for too long. It may seem comfortable, but you really just have three choices: (1) remain the same and continue along as-is, (2) move toward separation and divorce, (3) try an all-out effort to reconcile. Ambivalence, or “sitting on the fence,” can be worked through and is best done with the right professional.?? In fact, a process called discernment counseling  has proven to be highly effective at helping couples on the brink of divorce work through their decision rather than stay indefinitely in a place of indecisiveness and unhappiness. There are also a few books for those more interested in self-help: ?Divorce Busting  by Michele Weiner-DavisDivorce Remedy  by Michele Weiner-DavisShould I Try to Work It Out?: A Guidebook for Individuals and Couples at the Crossroads of Divorce  by Alan Hawkins, Tamara Fackrell,  and  Steven Harris Even if you are both on different pages right now, it is time to face this difficult situation. At the very least, your vows obligate you to work on a troubled marriage before giving up.

Organization Structure of Yashoda Hospital - 5398 Words

A REPORT ON THE ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF YASHODA HOSPITALS Abstract: This report on the administration of Yashoda Hospital, Secunderabad is based on primary data which was collected by visiting the various departments and specialties in the hospital. The report describes the functioning of the hospital and the various organizational levels involved. It also talks about the different departments and how they function. This report can act as a window to the students of BITS regarding the working of the hospital. It can also be useful for students to learn how an organization functions. The recommendations given at the end of the report can be used to improve certain facilities made available at the hospital. Table of Contents†¦show more content†¦The website of the hospital helped us in gathering useful data about the history of the hospital. We familiarized ourselves with the various specialties and modern equipment available here through this website. The report then concludes with the various observations related to the analysis of our study. We have made efforts to explore the various aspects of the administration, services, facilities and equipment available at Yashoda Hospital, Secunderabad. We have jotted down the overview of our orientation program which helped us choose our area of interest for the project to be submitted at the end of our learning tenure at the hospital. The report with its conclusions will help us dissect the fundamentals of administration at the hospital. We have used the data to make useful recommendations for upgrading the working of the various departments of the hospital. We have also made an effort to suggest improvement in the existing administrative conditions. Organized and reasonable recommendations are suggested at the end of this report. Yashoda as an organization Yashoda Hospitals is a full fledged corporate organization in its structure. The hierarchy of the organization is headed by the Management – Dr. G Surender Rao, Dr. G Ravinder Rao and Dr. G Devender Rao. The Board of Directors is directly under the management and is the body in charge of the running of the hospital. The Medical Superintendent or Chief Medical Administrator

The World s Family History - 919 Words

Last name’s have a large role in one’s family history and can be traced to find out the origin of where you are from and the culture one identifies with. There are millions of different surname used throughout the world and each one has a unique meaning. In most Spanish and Portuguese speaking countries, two or more last names may be used. Where as in most Asian countries, the surname is placed before a person’s first name. The history of a â€Å"last name† evolves from a medieval naming practice called a â€Å"byname†, often based on an individual’s occupation or area of residence. My specific last name is â€Å"Abreu†, which according to my research, Is a habitation name from a place called â€Å"Abreu†, in the former Minho providence in Portugal. â€Å"Abreu† is a Portuguese language surname. The name is particularly common amongst those of Portuguese and Jewish decent. Approximately 519,239 people around the world h ave the surname â€Å"Abreu†, making it the 1021st most common surname in the world. Brazil, Dominican Republic, and Venezuela are the top 3 countries with the highest number of â€Å"Abreu’s†. My first name, Ricardo, Is a fairly common first name for males of Hispanic descent. Ricardo is a Portuguese/Spanish word meaning â€Å"Powerful/Great Leader†. There are over 150,000 people in the US with the first name Ricardo; statistically it is the 420th most popular first name. My name has been passed down through the generations in my family, starting with myShow MoreRelatedA Time For Change . William G. Pollard, A Physicists, Had1509 Words   |  7 Pagesor incentive for improvement†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Pollard). Throughout history most of the great periods of change can be traced back to an event or discovery. In early man, man hunted for food with his hands until he acquired the technology necessary to make weapons. During this period, man hunted and gathered food as they walked through the vast earth. This was until the discovery of agriculture and farming allowed many to stay in one spot and raise a family. We have witnessed changes due to the spread of religionRead MoreCrucifixion And Resurrection Of Jesus1482 Words   |  6 Pages Crucifixion and Resurrection of Christ in History For the Jews, Jesus arrived as the long awaited Messiah. But on His arrival many did not recognize Him. Others refused to accept Him because He did not fit their image as a King. Everywhere He went in His short life on earth, He made enemies and devoted friends. Men hated Him so deeply that they sought to end His life and did crucify Him. Amazingly as the Bible had predicted centuries before their occurrence, all of the events of His life fromRead MoreEssay about Organized Crime1744 Words   |  7 Pagesas the social state of its homeland, Europe. Our society is convinced that the so-called Mafia is a family of pure criminals, pimps, and murderers. Whatever the opinion, there is no doubt that the Mafia played a big part in the history of America and the way Americans view crime today. The origins of the secret society known as the Mafia are believed to be as old as the 9th century (Mafia History). During the 9th century, the Mafias main purpose was to strengthen themselves against enemies, whichRead MoreThe Beauty Of Dystopia By Aldous Huxley1197 Words   |  5 Pagesit lets us vicariously experience future worlds - but we still have the power to change our own. (Ally Condie). Dystopian Literature is intriguing as it exposes the reader to sometimes unconventional concepts and can also serve as a warning to what may become of society if the wrong path is chosen. In literary works of Brave New World, there are many warnings that the author Aldous Huxley establishes through events that take place in the civilized world. In this dystopian society we can observeRead MoreIn Regards To The Daca And Dapa Programs, President Obama1517 Words   |  7 Pages In regards to the DACA and DAPA programs, President Obama spoke about the U.S being a â€Å"nation of immigrants†, referencing the country’s long history of immigration. In her book, Small Strangers, historian Melissa R. Klapper maintains that U.S. history is a story of foreign-born youth and children of immigrants. She says: â€Å"As both real people and symbols, turn-of-the-century immigrant children played a vital role [in the] unprecedented productivity and economic growth of their country.† ImmigrantRead MoreThe Phenomenon Of Reality Television941 Words   |  4 PagesTITLE: â€Å"The phenomenon of Reality Television† GENERAL PURPOSE: To present new information SPECIFIC PURPOSE: To inform my audience about the history of reality television, the types of reality television, how popular it has become in our world today, and the negative and positive effects of reality television. THESIS/CENTRAL IDEA: There is so much more to reality television than meets the eye. INTRODUCTION I. HOOK: Just imagine. You’re sitting on your couch flipping through the channels on your televisionRead MoreDefining The Terms Renaissance And Humanism854 Words   |  4 PagesDefine the terms Renaissance and humanism. The New World Encyclopedia article â€Å"Renaissance† states the Renaissance featured scientific and artistic discoveries and transformations that propelled a cultural shift in Europe after the Middle Ages (2015). The New World Encyclopedia article â€Å"Humanism† indicates that Humanism primarily focuses on human being s place, potential, beauty, and so forth (2014). 2. Who were the Medici’s? The Medici family, comprised of former bankers and commerce men, becameRead More Ragtime by E.L. Doctorow Essay1703 Words   |  7 PagesRagtime by E.L. Doctorow Up until the late 1900?s, the American populace on the whole had assumed a very optimistic view of American history. Glossing over disgraceful events, emphasizing the brighter points in our history, our culture has attempted to ignore the obvious fact that we have had, and still have, our fair share of problems. In Ragtime, E.L. Doctorow unabashedly exposes some of the worst aspects of American life in our more recent history. Doctorow doesn?t hold back anything, providingRead MoreThe 1950s: A Deacde of Progress and Change in America Essay1017 Words   |  5 PagesWorld War II had just ended. Women that were working because their husbands were out fighting in the war came back home when the war ended. The 1940’s ended and it was time for a new decade. The 1950’s were looked as a state of mind or a way of living instead of another time in American history. The 1950’s were the most influential decade in American history because the civil rights act began, fash ion was completely new and trendy there were more much advancement in entertainment and medicineRead MorePatton, The Man Behind The Legend1733 Words   |  7 Pages History 2200, U.S. History Since 1877 (to the Present) Dr. James Moulton 20 April 2016 â€Æ' Blumenson, Martin. (1985). Patton, the man behind the legend, 1885-1945. New York: Morrow. How would you define determination? Determination is often having the motivation and willpower to see a goal, a task or an idea through to the end. Throughout our history, there have been many events that have shaped or had an effect on our country and the rest of the world. One of the most important—World War II

Slavery Today Free Essays

Slavery in the 21st Century Sex trafficking is a modern-day form of slavery in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion. While this happens all over the world, it occurs much more frequently in the United States than one would think. Sex traffickers use a variety of methods to â€Å"condition† their victims including starvation, confinement, beatings, physical abuse, rape, gang rape, threats of violence to the victims and the victims’ families, and forced drug use. We will write a custom essay sample on Slavery Today or any similar topic only for you Order Now In modern day slavery, human beings are literally bought and sold as property on the market, for amounts ranging from $80 to $5,000. Like in the 1800s, victims might even be sold at auctions where they have been kidnapped or sold into slavery by their families or friends whom they believed they could trust. They have no control over their lives: where they live, what work they do, their sexuality, or their health. Escaping is nearly impossible as victims are often constantly drugged, and they fear being abused or even killed. This is very similar to slavery in the 1700s and 1800s. Right now there are many problems and issues being brought up about the United States, however sex trafficking has failed to be acknowledged by most as one of those issues. We should care more about sex trafficking since it is believed to be the 21st century’s version of slavery. In the 1800s slavery was abolished and ended with the Civil War, but now it has arisen once again in a different way. We should pay more attention to these issues in providing education on the topic by reporting on the statistics and effects of sex trafficking in the media. I don’t know if we can truly abolish slavery in every form, but we should try as history has shown the effects slavery has on the individual, as well as, society. How to cite Slavery Today, Papers

Racial Issues in Music free essay sample

African American musicians have played a substantial part in the music industry. They have evolved from playing Jazz music, to creating electronic and providing people with rap and hip-hop. However over the years, African American race has been portrayed in a negative perspective. Rap and Hip Hop music and their videos depict them as to being violent, criminals, and unruly. Articles all over the internet have the same remarks to pose Rap these days is all bout bitched, hoes, and drugs. In a sense, rap is generalized by a few songs and the messages poised by the songs are assumed to be the three things listed above. In actual, this is untrue and there are various artists that rap about problems they faced in the ghetto and real life situations that African Americans face in their day to day life. However, for this blob write up the main purpose is to prove that songs like Hot Amiga by Bobby Samurai coincide with the stereotypes that rap songs are basically retorting African Americans as violent Individuals who partake In Illegal actions such as the consumption of drugs and the use of weapons. We will write a custom essay sample on Racial Issues in Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The specific idea of race being portrayed negatively In this song Is very easy to comprehend. Almost everyone in this song Is an African American residing In East Flatfish, Brooklyn. Samurai goes onto rap about his friends and gang members that carry weapons such as a 9 millimeter pistol. It Is also evident In the video that Samaras actions specifically reference the use of weapons. This links In with the stereotype that black people are linked with violent actions and connected to the use of weapons.Moving on, there are also references made In the lyrics of the song and the video where the listener has a glimpse of the use of marijuana, another point that helps connect African Americans to the use of Illegal substances and unruly behavior. However, not every African American should be generalized Into a category of gangsters that Samurai portrays them to be, the general public feels It Is right to paint every African Into the name category. This Is the reason why In America there are brutal killings of Innocent African Americans. The population of people postulate the African race to be Indulged In matters of violence and Illegal actively due to people Like Samurai. L, myself am an avid listener to Rap music and artists Like Bobby Samurai, however his songs have a beat that helps me liven up the atmosphere. When It comes to lyrics and actual rap music, I would pick artists Like Kindlier Lamar who rap for the African race and outline the struggles they go through.I feel It Is wrong label the African American race as gangsters because at the end of the day they are humans and should be treated with due respect even though due to a few rotten apples their name Is tarnished In society. Word Count: 494 Racial Issues in Music By ouzel 23 portraying African Americans as violent individuals who partake in illegal actions being portrayed negatively in this song is very easy to comprehend. Almost everyone in this song is an Afric an American residing in East Flatfish, Brooklyn. Samurai goes limiter pistol. It is also evident in the video that Samaras actions specifically reference the use of weapons. This links in with the stereotype that black people are are also references made in the lyrics of the song and the video where the listener Americans to the use of illegal substances and unruly behavior. However, not every African American should be generalized into a category of gangsters that Samurai portrays them to be, the general public feels it is right to paint every African into the same category.This is the reason why in America there are brutal killings of innocent indulged in matters of violence and illegal activities due to people like Samurai. L, myself am an avid listener to Rap music and artists like Bobby Samurai, however his songs have a beat that helps me liven up the atmosphere. When it comes to lyrics and actual rap music, I would pick artists like Kindlier Lamar who rap for the African race and outline the struggles they go through. I feel it is wrong label the African name is tarnished in society.

Free Essays on Japans Ageing Society

Since 1868, Japan has developed a culture that is well accustomed to the idea of population control. With its population consisting of just 30 million, the upcoming government encouraged a growth, in order to compensate its isolation from the rest of the world. This population growth was designed for two purposes; industry and reform of a developing country, which would eventually become the economic tiger that it is today. Before this time, large families paved the way to a prosperous life, and the government no longer encouraged previously encouraged behaviors, such as infant genocide, delayed marriages, and abortions, in order to keep the population at a necessary minimum. The government instituted plans for both social and economical improvements. With the discouragement of births outside of marriage, women were encouraged to achieve higher degrees of education, which directly caused its purpose; later and fewer marriages. With aided increases in income, improved social security and pensions, and decreasing rates of infant mortality, the need for large families decreased and brought the birth rate to an average of 1.38 for each woman in 1998, and 1.32 in 2002.(Asiasource.org-Special Report: Japan’s Aging Population Challenge for its Economy and Society) This particular strategy, inflicted by the government, has impacted the demographics of Japan, considerably, and has increased their life expectancy to 76.4 for men and 82.8 for women, the highest in the world. This article also mentions an alarming statistic that the number of children, aged 14 and under, has decreased by about 20% since 1949, and makes up only 15% of today’s population. In a related article, (www.kkc/usa/org) Japan’s Aging Society Overview, it was found that senior citizens, in 1950, made up 4.16% of the total population. With a steady increase, almost 22% of the population, in 2000, were senior citizens. Other factors which have also infl... Free Essays on Japans Ageing Society Free Essays on Japans Ageing Society Since 1868, Japan has developed a culture that is well accustomed to the idea of population control. With its population consisting of just 30 million, the upcoming government encouraged a growth, in order to compensate its isolation from the rest of the world. This population growth was designed for two purposes; industry and reform of a developing country, which would eventually become the economic tiger that it is today. Before this time, large families paved the way to a prosperous life, and the government no longer encouraged previously encouraged behaviors, such as infant genocide, delayed marriages, and abortions, in order to keep the population at a necessary minimum. The government instituted plans for both social and economical improvements. With the discouragement of births outside of marriage, women were encouraged to achieve higher degrees of education, which directly caused its purpose; later and fewer marriages. With aided increases in income, improved social security and pensions, and decreasing rates of infant mortality, the need for large families decreased and brought the birth rate to an average of 1.38 for each woman in 1998, and 1.32 in 2002.(Asiasource.org-Special Report: Japan’s Aging Population Challenge for its Economy and Society) This particular strategy, inflicted by the government, has impacted the demographics of Japan, considerably, and has increased their life expectancy to 76.4 for men and 82.8 for women, the highest in the world. This article also mentions an alarming statistic that the number of children, aged 14 and under, has decreased by about 20% since 1949, and makes up only 15% of today’s population. In a related article, (www.kkc/usa/org) Japan’s Aging Society Overview, it was found that senior citizens, in 1950, made up 4.16% of the total population. With a steady increase, almost 22% of the population, in 2000, were senior citizens. Other factors which have also infl...

As and Than To Introduce Elliptical Clauses

As and Than To Introduce Elliptical Clauses As and Than To Introduce Elliptical Clauses As and Than To Introduce Elliptical Clauses By Maeve Maddox A reader questions my use of the subject pronoun I to follow the conjunction as in a recent post. I wrote â€Å"not so sanguine as I.† The reader suggests that I should have written â€Å"not so sanguine as me.† When the word as functions as a preposition, it can be followed by me: I went to the costume party as my sister, and she went as me. In the sentence with sanguine, however, as functions as a conjunction. The subject form I is the correct choice because I is the subject of the elliptical clause introduced by as. An â€Å"elliptical clause† has some of its parts understood but not stated. Sometimes the part left out of the elliptical clause is the verb and its complement: You are smarter than I. Expanded meaning: You are smarter than I am smart. George has been teaching June how to golf. Now she is as good as he. Expanded meaning: Now she is as good as he is good. Sometimes the understood part of the clause includes an extension of the verb that contains a prepositional phrase. When that’s the case, an object form may be the correct choice to follow as or than. The choice depends upon the meaning to be understood. These examples from The Chicago Manual of Style illustrate the way pronoun choice alters meaning when than introduces an elliptical clause: My sister looks more like my father than I. Expanded meaning: My sister looks more like my father than I look like my father. My sister looks more like my father than me. Expanded meaning: My sister looks more like my father than she looks like me. When as and than are used to introduce an elliptical clause, the choice of pronoun form is governed by its function in what is understood but not stated in the elliptical clause. Related post: Taller Than He Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:4 Types of Gerunds and Gerund Phrases50 Idioms About Fruits and Vegetables45 Idioms About the Number One

Critically assess your placement's view of the doctrine of God to Essay

Critically assess your placement's view of the doctrine of God to demonstrate how it helps or hinders the missional engagement of your church within its local context - Essay Example The support and the quality interactions provided to be the Churches in the local communities has therefore, always been considered beneficiary in the Christian society. However, the type of interaction and teaching being imparted by different Churches depend on their understanding of the Doctrine of God and the concept of Trinity according to which, God exists in three forms, namely father, son and the Holy Spirit2. Taking all these aspects into consideration the discussion in this study will remain focused towards understanding the concepts of Doctrine of God. In addition, the discussion will also elaborate on the question that whether the Doctrine concept hinders or helps interaction of the Churches with the local communities. Accordingly, the discussion will also comprise of the evaluation of ‘four part missional theology analysis method’ with the intention to develop a succinct understanding regarding the non-existence of Churches in the absence of the Holy Spirit. Before understanding the impact of ‘Doctrine of God’ on the interaction of Churches with the local communities, a brief understanding needs to be attained regarding the theological concept. Contextually, it can be stated that different cultures have varied patterns of projecting their belief in God. For instance, in Christianity, the divineness of God has been elaborated in two specific forms. The first form of God has been projected to be ‘transcendent’, whereas the second form of God is projected as ‘immanent’. In the transcendent form, God has been elaborated as the divine power free from any dependence on this world3. Likewise, in the immanent form, God has been described as an active participator within all the happenings in the world. Correspondingly, the necessity of understanding this fact resulted in the emergence of the Doctrine of God concepts wherein the statements and attributes made by God were evaluated4. For instance, attributes, such as

Religion in King Lear Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Religion in King Lear - Essay Example The chaotic mixture of fairies with Gods seems to characterize the religious confusion in the play. Characters endlessly invoke Gods, divine powers, and mystical forces; there seems to be an assumption that something governs our lives on earth, but the direction of the play as a whole is towards a radical questioning of this whole idea. When Gloucester says As flies to wanton boys, are we to th’ Gods; They kill us for their sport (IV, 1, 36-7). his view will not do here as a summary of the world shown in the play, for one thing because there simply is no evidence of Gods doing anything at all, callous or benevolent. In Act V Edgar comments on his father’s fate in terms which again assume some sort of divine order in things: The Gods are just, and if our pleasant vices Make instruments to plague us: The dark and vicious place where thee he got Cost him his eyes (V, 3, 170-3). ... It is a world without justice, nor any convincing sense of meaningful moral order. The characters assume, however, that the divine is present in their world, and that it can be addressed and appealed to, though it comes in many forms. Lear begs "sweet heaven" (I, 1, 46) to prevent him from going mad. He prays for "all the stor'd vengeances of Heaven" (II, 4, 163) to strike down his ungrateful daughter, and begs the "Heavens" (II, 4, 273) to give him patience and strength. "O Heavens, / If you do love old men" (II, 4 191-2), he says in the same scene. In the storm scenes Kent's description of its peculiar severity prompts one to see it as more than just a physical event. He has never in his life seen "such sheets of fire, such bursts of horrid thunder" etc., and the implication is that the storm has more than natural causes. This leads Lear to his reflection on the power of the storm to purge evil and crime: Let the Great Gods, That keep this dreadful pudder o'er our heads, Find out their enemies now(III, 2, 49). He believes the Gods are present and that they have the power to punish wrongs - even his own. In III, 4 he acknowledges his own responsibility for how Goneril and Regan are: "Judicious punishment! 'twas this flesh begot / Those pelican daughters" (III, 4, 75-6). Gloucester too believes in the divine, but in very muddled way. His son Edmund feels none of the strength of the spiritual, and despises his father for his naivety: Thou, Nature, art my goddess; to thy law My services are bound (I, 2, 1-2). means, in fact, that he has no gods or goddesses, that religious sense to him is bosh, and a sign of superstitious weakness in others. His closeness to the sisters is clear. His "Nature", it is obvious, is a different

Chinas Development Strategy Under Mao Zedong History Essay

Chinas Development Strategy Under Mao Zedong History Essay The industrial system taken over by the Chinese Communist leadership in 1949 was not only rudimentary and war-devastated, but also extremely imbalanced. Over 70% of the industrial assets and output were concentrated in the coastal areas while the rest of the country shared the remainder. Within the coastal region, modern industrial production was again heavily concentrated in a few cities, namely Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shenyang, Anshan, Benxi, Dalian and Fushun accounted for 55% of the total for the coastal region. China was a typical dual economy, in which a few industrial cities were surrounded by large-scale agriculture. When the Chinese leadership started its efforts at industrialization, it regarded the huge coast-interior imbalance as irrational because, firstly, areas of industrial production were usually too far away from energy and raw materials supply areas and the interior market, meaning substantial long-distance transport costs and creating a strain on Chinas undeve loped transport system. Secondly, the rich resources in the inland areas could not be properly exploited. Finally, since the coast was easily exposed to foreign military power, the heavy concentration of industry there represented a national security risk, as was the case during the Second World War. To rectify that regional imbalance, the Chinese leadership decided to pull the levers of centrally directed investment. (Yang, 1990) During the land reform, a significant amount landlords were murdered at Communist Party gatherings, the land was taken from them and given to poorer peasants and there was also the Campaign to Suppress Counter-revolutionaries, which involved public executions targeting mainly former Kuomintang officials, businessmen accused of market disturbances, former employees of Western companies and intellectuals whose loyalty was suspect. In 1976, the U.S. State department estimated around a million may have been killed in the land reform, and a further 800,000 killed in the counterrevolutionary campaign (Shalom, 1984, p24). Mao himself claimed that a total of 700,000 people were executed during the years 1949-53 (Chang Halliday, 2005). However, because there was a policy to select at least one landlord, and usually several, in virtually every village for public execution, the number of deaths ranged between 2 and 5 million. In addition, at least 1.5million people (Short, 2001), perhaps as ma ny as 6 million were sent to reform through labour camps where many perished (Valentino, 2004). Mao played a personal role in organizing the mass repressions and established a system of execution quotas, which were often exceeded. Nevertheless he defended these killings as necessary for the securing of power. Chinas first Five-Year Plan entailed the forced provision of cheap agricultural supplies to cities, though per capita allocation kept low to discourage urbanization. In rural areas, production decisions are shifted from households to mutual aid teams, and then to cooperatives where a cadre makes key decisions. Ownership is redefined in the form of state-owned enterprises and collectivized farms. In terms of financial structure, the binding constraints on households and enterprises at this time are coupons, authorizations, and orders to deliver. These instruments rather than money determine production and consumption outcomes; therefore prices are of secondary importance. The Hundred Flowers campaign brings unanticipated criticism, especially from intellectuals, which Mao silences in the repressive anti-rightist campaign. Almost two-thirds of the major projects, including many being built with Soviet aid were located in the interior. Despite allowance made to help rehabilitate war-devastated coastal industrial facilities, nearly 56% of the state investment in fixed assets went to the interior during this period. The interior-orientated investment policy took its toll in terms of economic efficiency as coastal industrial growth was sorely needed as a foundation for the development of the whole country. More concentrated efforts at rehabilitation and improvement of old enterprises in the coastal region could have produced more immediate economic pay-offs than making new investments in areas that lacked infrastructural support. Thus, Mao, in his April 1956 speech On the ten great relationships, commented that in the past few years we have not laid enough stress on industry in the coastal region so that the productive power of coastal industry could be used for the full development of the whole country, e specially the interior. In the same speech, however, Mao also revealed he was in favour of building most of heavy industry, 90% or perhaps still more, in the interior. Gottschang (1987) discussed how China used a Soviet approach to economic development was manifested in the First Five-Year Plan. The main objective was a high rate of economic growth, with primary emphasis on industrial development at the expense of agriculture and particular concentration on heavy industry and capital-intensive technology. Large numbers of Soviet engineers, technicians, and scientists assisted in developing and installing new heavy industrial facilities, including entire plants and pieces of equipment purchased from the Soviet Union. Government control over industry was increased during this period by applying financial pressures and inducements to convince owners of private, modern firms to sell them to the state or convert them into joint public-private enterprises under state control. By 1956 approximately 67.5% of all modern industrial enterprises were state owned, others were under joint ownership. No privately owned firms remained. During the same period, the handicraft industries were organized into cooperatives, which accounted for 91.7% of all handicraft workers by 1956. Agriculture also underwent extensive organizational changes. To facilitate the mobilization of agricultural resources, improve the efficiency of farming, and increase government access to agricultural products, the authorities encouraged farmers to organize increasingly large and socialized collective units. From the loosely structured, tiny mutual aid teams, villages were to advance first to lower-stage, agricultural producers cooperatives, in which families still received some income on the basis of the amount of land they contributed, and eventually to advanced cooperatives, or collectives. In the agricultural producers cooperatives, income shares were based only on the amount of labour contributed. In addition, each family was allowed to retain a small private plot on which to grow vegetables, fruit, and livestock for its own use. The collectivization process began slowly but accelerated in 1955 and 1956. In 1957 about 93.5% of all farm households had joined advanced producers co operatives. In terms of economic growth the First Five-Year Plan was quite successful, especially in those areas emphasized by the Soviet-style development strategy. A solid foundation was created in heavy industry. Key industries, including iron and steel manufacturing, coal mining, cement production, electricity generation, and machine building were greatly expanded and were put on a firm, modern technological footing. Thousands of industrial and mining enterprises were constructed, including 156 major facilities. Industrial production increased at an average annual rate of 19% between 1952 and 1957, and national income grew at 9% a year. Despite the lack of state investment in agriculture, agricultural output increased substantially, averaging increases of about 4% a year. This growth resulted primarily from gains in efficiency brought about by the reorganization and cooperation achieved through collectivization. As the First Five-Year Plan wore on, however, Chinese leaders became increasingl y concerned over the relatively sluggish performance of agriculture and the inability of state trading companies to increase significantly the amount of grain procured from rural units for urban consumption. The First Five-Year Plan was for a long time the only plan that was even partially executed. The success of the First Five Year Plan encouraged Mao to initiate the Great Leap Forward, in 1958. Mao also launched a phase of rapid collectivization. The Party introduced price controls as well as a Chinese character simplification aimed at increasing literacy. The Great Leap was not merely a bold economic project, it was also intended to show the Soviet Union that the Chinese approach to economic development was more vibrant, and ultimately would be more successful, than the Soviet model that had been used previously. Under the economic program, the relatively small agricultural collectives which had been formed were rapidly merged into far larger peoples communes, and many of the peasants ordered to work on massive infrastructure projects and the small-scale production of iron and steel. Some private food production was banned; livestock and farm implements were brought under collective ownership. Under the Great Leap Forward, Mao and other party leaders ordered the implementation of a variety of unproven and unscientific new agricultural techniques by the new communes. Combined with the diversion of labour to steel production and infrastructure projects and the reduced personal incentives under a commune system this led to an approximately 15% drop in grain production in 1959 followed by further 10% reduction in 1960 and no recovery in 1961 (Spence, p.553). To win favour with superiors and avoid being purged, each layer in the party hierarchy exaggerated the amount of grain produced under them and based on the fabricated success, party cadres were ordered to requisition a disproportionately high amount of the true harvest for state use primarily in the cities and urban areas but also for export, which resulted in the rural peasant snot left enough to eat and millions starved to death in the largest famine in human history. This famine was a direct cause of the death of some 3 0 millions of Chinese peasants between 1959 and 1962 and about the same number of births were lost or postponed. Further, many children who became emaciated and malnourished during years of hardship and struggle for survival, died shortly after the Great Leap Forward came to an end in 1962 (Spence, p.553). The famine was due to Maos leaning heavily on mass mobilization to speed up industrial development. The Great Leap emphasized heavy industry in general, and the iron and steel industry in particular. In any case, the Great Leap came to be a leap into disaster and was a major cause of Chinas worst famine (1959-61). During this period state investment in industrial assets in the interior continued to increase. It averaged 59.4% of the national total during 1958-62 and further grew to 62-5% in the post-Leap adjustment period (1963-65). In the meantime, worsening Sino-Soviet relations and U.S. involvement in Vietnam led Chinas leaders to perceive a greater need for enhancing its national defence capabilities. As a result, despite the much felt post-crisis need to invigorate existing industrial production and restore consumption levels, Mao in 1964 ruled in favour of building more defence-orientated industries in the interior so that Chinas industrial infrastructure would survive a foreig n invasion and provide for a protracted defensive war. (Yang, 1990, p.236-7) As part of this push for hierarchical organization and revolutionary thinking, Mao initiates the Peoples Commune Movement to foster a communist-agrarian society. Bad incentives and bad weather bring the famine of 1960 with its accompanying economic turmoil, starvation, and rural revolt. Twenty to thirty million people lose their lives through malnutrition and famine (Fairbanks 1987, p.296). The failure of the Great Leap Forward and the Peoples Commune Movement created the first open split within the ranks of communist leaders. Furthermore, a major rift opens with the Soviets, leading to a break in relations and Russian aid flows. (Jaggi et al., WP 1996) The Great Leap Forward was a disaster for China. Although the steel quotas were officially reached, almost all of it made in the countryside was useless lumps of iron, as it had been made from assorted scrap metal in homemade furnaces with no reliable source of fuel such as coal. At the Lushan Conference in 1959, several leaders expressed concern that the Leap was not as successful as planned. The most direct of these was Minister of Defence and Korean War General Peng Dehuai. Mao, fearing loss of his position, orchestrated a purge of Peng and his supporters, stifling criticism of the Great Leap policies. Senior officials who reported the truth of the famine to Mao were branded as right opportunists (Becker, 1998). A campaign against right opportunism was launched and resulted in party members and ordinary peasants being sent to camps where many would subsequently die in the famine. The party have now concluded that 6 million were wrongly punished in the campaign. (Valentino, 2004, p . 127) The largest man-made famine on record was the Chinese famine of 1958-1961, which resulted in the death of an estimated 30 million people and approximately the same number of births lost or postponed. This famine was thought to be as a direct result of the decision by Mao Zedong to launch the Great Leap Forward, a mass mobilization of the population to achieve economic advancement. Mao followed the Stalinist ideology of heavy industry being the answer to economic advancement, peasants were ordered to abandon all private food production and instead produce steel which proved to be of extremely poor quality and of little or no use (Smil, 1999). This created a similar pattern to that of the loss of grain production needed to feed the population as seen in the Ukraine in the 1930s,by the spring of 1959 famine had affected people living in one-third of Chinas provinces. Until the mid 1980s, when official census figures were finally published by the Chinese Government, little was known abou t the scale of the disaster in the Chinese countryside, as the handful of Western observers allowed access during this time had been restricted to model villages where they were deceived into believing that Great Leap Forward had been a great success. There was also an assumption that the flow of individual reports of starvation that had been reaching the West, primarily through Hong Kong and Taiwan, must be localized or exaggerated as China was continuing to claim record harvests and was a net exporter of grain through the period. Because Mao wanted to pay back early to the Soviets debts totalling 1.973 billion yuan from 1960 to 1962, exports increased by 50%. (ONeill, 2008) Censuses were carried out in China in 1953, 1964 and 1982. The first attempt to analyse this data in order to estimate the number of famine deaths was carried out by Dr Judith Banister. Given the gaps between the censuses and doubts over the reliability of the data, an accurate figure is difficult to ascertain. Banister concluded that the official data implied that around 15 million excess deaths incurred in China during 1958-61 and that based on her modelling of Chinese demographics during the period and taking account of assumed underreporting during the famine years, the figure was around 30 million. The official statistic is 20 million deaths, as given by Hu Yaobang (Short, 2001). Partly surrounded by hostile American military bases, China was confronted with a Soviet threat from the north and west. Both the internal crisis and the external threat called for extraordinary statesmanship from Mao, but as China entered the new decade the statesmen of the Peoples Republic were in hostile confrontation with each other. During Conference of the Seven Thousand in Beijing in 1962 State Chairman Shaoqi denounced the Great Leap Forward as responsible for widespread famine, with a majority of delegates expressing agreement, but Defence Minister Biao staunchly defended Mao. A brief period of liberalization followed while Mao and Lin plotted a comeback. Liu and Deng Xiaoping rescued the economy by disbanding the peoples communes, introducing elements of private control of peasant smallholdings and importing grain from Canada and Australia to mitigate the worst effects of famine. Sectoral priorities during the Great Leap (heavy industry, light industry and then agriculture) are reversed, to produce more food (Riskin 1987). Private plots are re-established, limited markets are reopened, and modern inputs such as chemical fertilizers are emphasized (Barnett 1974, p.126). The economy shows signs of recovery in 1963, and by 1965 China regains the level of production reached in 1957 (USITC 1985, 11-25). Third Five year Plan (1966-1969) tasks included developing agriculture to feed the populace and meet other basic needs (such as clothing); strengthening national defence (a priority given Chinese concerns of a potential war); advancing technology; developing infrastructure; encouraging economic self-reliance. Again striving to expand his command over the Party, Mao orchestrates the Cultural Revolution. Early stages of the movement entail a struggle against the so called antiparty clique, including Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping. Mao calls on the youth as Red Guards to spread revolutionary zeal. They make a specialty of attacking professionals and intellectuals, and wreak havoc on the educational system. Begun as a political struggle, the Cultural Revolution paralyzes normal life and throws the economy into turmoil. The Fourth Five Year Plan was more successful than anticipated, with the industrial and agricultural goals exceeded by 14.1% and industrial gross output value goals by 21.1%. Agricultural gains also exceeded goals, but more moderately, with a 2.2% rise above expectations. According to the Official Portal of the Chinese Government, however, the focus on accumulation and rapid development in this and preceding plans were impediments to long-term economic development In September 1970, the Plan was drafted with such goals as maintaining an annual growth rate of 12.5% in industry and agriculture as well as specific budget allowances for infrastructure construction (130 billion yuan during the Plan). In 1973, some of the specific provisions of the plan were amended to lower the targets. All targets had been reached or surpassed by the end of 1973. China experienced a vibrant economy in the years 1972 and 1973. In conclusion, Maos five year plans, during his time as Chairman of the CPC, were not only enabled China to grow in terms of GDP, but enabled improved rates of literacy, improved living standards if only slightly, some elements of trade liberalisation occurred and a focus on agriculture was eventually made in order to develop food securities, there was some industrialisation and investment in infrastructure. The growth was mainly export-led as GDP per capita did not drastically increase, infrastructure investment rose to a level allowing China to uphold its ability to It therefore can be argued that although many millions of people suffered due to Mao, that China today has partly benefited from the Mao years, although I believe that if Mao had not been kept unaware of the situation that arose in the Great Leap Forward years, that the suffering and deaths that occurred could have been avoided.

In Cold Blood

Truman Capote was born in New Orleans in 1925, a harsh time in America. He was brought up in an amalgamation of places in the South of America, moving among New Orleans, Alabama and New Georgia. He began writing stories at the age of fourteen, depending on the seasonal changes. He later went on to work for the New Yorker after having left school at fifteen. He soon became renowned as the author of the celebrated Breakfast at Tiffany’s. Finally, he published his masterpiece, In Cold Blood, which is most certainly a work of art that changed the nature of writing for all time to come. The novel is filled with contrasting themes, ranging between moments of sombreness and cheeriness, invoking various emotions when reading the non-fictional novel. The novel revolves around the lives of the infamous murderers, Richard Eugene Hickock and Perry Edward Smith and the story of how they murdered four innocent people, known as the Clutter family. This essay will explore the relationship between character and theme presented in In Cold Blood, referring specifically to the characters of Dick Hickock and Perry Smith, assessing the question about whether the characters are portrayed empathetically or as ruthless murderers, the theme of light versus dark being represented in each of these two characters. The contrast drawn between Dick and Perry and the Clutter family will be shown with reference to minor characters that influence the reader’s perceptions of the characters, as well as the effect of narrative scope on the novel. Firstly, Perry was born, â€Å"Perry Edward Smith Oct. 27 1928 in Huntington, Elko County, Nevada, which is situated way out in the boon docks, so to speak†¦ in 1929 [his] family had ventured to Juneau, Alaska† (Capote 274). He had not had a normal upbringing. His mother left his father at a young age and moved around the country without real love, friends or a proper grounding. Perry lived in a nunnery at one stage of his childhood where he was severely beaten to the stage of near death from drowning incidents caused by a certain nun. Therefore, it is no wonder that he felt as though the world was against him. Moreover, â€Å"Sitting, [Perry] seemed a more than normal-sized man, a powerful man, with the shoulders, the arms, the thick, crouching torso of a weight-lifter† but he was disproportionately structured, â€Å"when he stood up he was no taller than a 12-year-old child† (Capote 27). It is this that is ominously foreboding of his personality. At a first glance he seems to be grotesquely large and well-built, but further inspection allows one realise that he is merely, â€Å"overblown and muscle bound† (Capote 27). The same thought process is attached to his inner qualities; he seems at first, with his boyishly good-looks, to be soft and sweet, a part Indian and a part Irishmen to be a placid romantic. One would never assume at first that Perry is a cold-blooded killer. Instead, one would think the opposite with him being so caring of animals such a squirrels, enjoying the company of children and being an excellent artist and skilled guitar player – â€Å"With the aid of his guitar, Perry had [often] hung himself into a happy humour. He knew the lyrics of some two hundred hymns and ballads – a repertoire ranging [endlessly]† (Capote 59) But, through further analysis one finds that, â€Å"In some ways old Perry was â€Å"spooky as hell†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ He could slide into a fury†¦ â€Å"He might be ready to kill you, but you’d never know it, not to look at or listen to. †Ã¢â‚¬  (Capote 116) What was really going on with Perry, whether he was anxious or nervous, scared or ireful – even with his anxiety causing his blood to bubble, it was almost assured that he would remain cool, calm and collected on the outside, â€Å"with eyes serene and slightly sleepy† (Capote 116). Therefore, Perry had a,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"doom against which virtue was no defense† (Capote 185). He â€Å"had such a rotten life† (Capote 306). In many ways Perry is portrayed in an array of varying degrees of passivity and iniquity. It is then true to state that, â€Å"‘the path of the righteous man is beset on all sides with the iniquities of the selfish and the tyranny of evil men† (Jackson). He was in no doubt destined to the awful vengeance that was incurred upon him – death by hanging from the neck. In contrast to this, Dick Hickock lived a much better life than what Perry did; he lived a somewhat average middle-class lifestyle. As a child he eceived much love from his parents and at one stage received a bicycle for his birthday, which he was indeed very proud of. He partook in most sports and achieved highly even being given a scholarship to go to college (which he did not accept). Instead, he started working and married a young but pretty girl who was above his standards, and even though this was the case, they had children together. Furthermor e, Dick honestly thought of himself as, â€Å"a normal. And Dick meant what he said. He thought of himself as balanced, as sane as anyone – maybe a bit smarter than the average fellow†¦ (Capote 116) He too, at first, seems to be kind hearted as he tends to smile somewhat and make jokes. But with his harmless jokes come harmful ones too, such as in the closing moments of the court case where both Dick and Perry laughed loudly at Dick’s comment of, â€Å"No chicken-hearted jurors, they†! (Capote 307) Moreover, Dick’s truly evil side is portrayed when he speaks of his lust for young adolescents and his paedophiliac propensities. He openly claims that he, â€Å"never [gave] any thought to whether it is right or wrong† (Capote 278). This act in itself is worthy of maximum penalty and coupled with assisted murder of first degree on four counts it is no doubt that he too be destined to the ultimate punishment – death by hanging from the neck. One of the reasons why the novel is so appealing is the nature of its impartiality; in the partnership of Dick and Perry they are both portrayed empathetically as well as like ruthless killers. Throughout the novel there are minor characters that ensure that one feels empathy at times toward the dire-stricken duo and at other times one will feel detestation and abhorrence toward the cowardly couple. With regards to Perry one feels compassion for him when he explains the horrors of his childhood, the way in which he was so often mistreated and misguided and lost out on so many important aspects of growing up that would normally lead to living a normal life. Perry Smith wanted to go to college and receive a proper education and was most jealous of former in-mate Lowell Lee Andrews who had what he desired, despising him for it. One might feel sorry for him insofar that he suffers from pain in his legs as a result of a motorcycle accident and resultantly became an addict of aspirin. One might even be envious of him for he is full of wisdom, being opposed to conventionalism for, â€Å"there is considerable hypocrisy in conventionalism† (Capote 150) and for being so artistically and musically inclined. It is Perry’s father, Tex John Smith, and his friends, Donald Cullivan and Willie-Jay? On the other hand, though it need not be mentioned why, one feels utter distaste towards such a felon for his heinous crimes are unspeakable and his lack of remorse is most certainly worthy of hatred and the label of ‘a cold-blooded killer’. Perry’s cold-bloodedness is most clearly portrayed when he openly exclaims, â€Å"[he] didn’t want to harm [Herb Clutter]. [He] thought he was a very nice gentleman. Soft-spoken. [He] thought so right up to the moment [he] cut his throat. † (Capote, 246). With regards to Dick, one would also be inclined to think kindly of him because he is a clever and quirky man, always â€Å"quick with a joke, or to light up [one’s] smoke† (Joel). He would hardly be seen without a smile and to be quite charming. The people in his life, which cared for him most, would be his parents, Mr. nd Mrs. Hickock – who never spoke badly of their son and always had hope and faith in him, even up until the last moment. It is precisely this aspect which makes one feel compassion for Dick. However, one finds his actions inexcusable and sees him as a cold blooded killer insofar as he was the main instigator for the ‘score’ of the Clutter household. He was the ringleader and the mastermind of the whole operation and he perpetually insisted that him and Perry leave no witnesses standing. It is thus that he is rightfully named a ‘cold-blooded killer’. Furthermore, there is a great contrast with regards to the theme of light and dark pertaining to Dick and Perry and the Clutter family, for even though Dick and Perry initially seem to be somewhat gentle or not as malevolent as they are after what one eventually learns about them, they most certainly are laced with evil streaks. Conversely, the Clutter family, each and every one of them was of pure goodness, not just in appearance or facades but in their minds and hearts too. Their souls were comprised of untainted decency. They were a tightly knit unit that worked coherently to enrich others’ ives. Similarly, Dick and Perry also worked together, a team but conversely yet again, their aim was to impoverish other peoples’ lives. Moreover, the narrative scope is from two varying viewpoints: that of the Clutter  family  who were innocently murdered, and that of the two cold-blooded killers, Dick and Perry. The different points of view allow one to relive both sides of the story; Capote presents them without foregone conclusions hence, each standpoint is one of impartiality. Capote works wizardry with the use of the third person omniscient perspective to communicate the two points of view. Emphasis is laid on some important scenes in the novel because of the way it is not written in complete chronological order. Finally, by closely analysing various aspects of the novel such as character and theme, whether or not Dick and Perry are portrayed empathetically or as cold-blooded killers, and how the theme of dark versus light is portrayed in the two main characters in accordance with the Clutter family and the effect of narrative scope we can fully understand what a wonderful masterpiece Truman Capote has fashioned. Word Count: 1794 Bibliography Capote, Truman. In Cold Blood. New York: Penguin Books, 1965. Joel, Bille. â€Å"Pianoman. † Piano Man. cond. M Stewart. By Billie Joel. Los Angeles, 1973. Pulp Fiction. Dir. Quentin Tarantino. Perf. Samuel L. Jackson. 1994. In Cold Blood Truman Capote was born in New Orleans in 1925, a harsh time in America. He was brought up in an amalgamation of places in the South of America, moving among New Orleans, Alabama and New Georgia. He began writing stories at the age of fourteen, depending on the seasonal changes. He later went on to work for the New Yorker after having left school at fifteen. He soon became renowned as the author of the celebrated Breakfast at Tiffany’s. Finally, he published his masterpiece, In Cold Blood, which is most certainly a work of art that changed the nature of writing for all time to come. The novel is filled with contrasting themes, ranging between moments of sombreness and cheeriness, invoking various emotions when reading the non-fictional novel. The novel revolves around the lives of the infamous murderers, Richard Eugene Hickock and Perry Edward Smith and the story of how they murdered four innocent people, known as the Clutter family. This essay will explore the relationship between character and theme presented in In Cold Blood, referring specifically to the characters of Dick Hickock and Perry Smith, assessing the question about whether the characters are portrayed empathetically or as ruthless murderers, the theme of light versus dark being represented in each of these two characters. The contrast drawn between Dick and Perry and the Clutter family will be shown with reference to minor characters that influence the reader’s perceptions of the characters, as well as the effect of narrative scope on the novel. Firstly, Perry was born, â€Å"Perry Edward Smith Oct. 27 1928 in Huntington, Elko County, Nevada, which is situated way out in the boon docks, so to speak†¦ in 1929 [his] family had ventured to Juneau, Alaska† (Capote 274). He had not had a normal upbringing. His mother left his father at a young age and moved around the country without real love, friends or a proper grounding. Perry lived in a nunnery at one stage of his childhood where he was severely beaten to the stage of near death from drowning incidents caused by a certain nun. Therefore, it is no wonder that he felt as though the world was against him. Moreover, â€Å"Sitting, [Perry] seemed a more than normal-sized man, a powerful man, with the shoulders, the arms, the thick, crouching torso of a weight-lifter† but he was disproportionately structured, â€Å"when he stood up he was no taller than a 12-year-old child† (Capote 27). It is this that is ominously foreboding of his personality. At a first glance he seems to be grotesquely large and well-built, but further inspection allows one realise that he is merely, â€Å"overblown and muscle bound† (Capote 27). The same thought process is attached to his inner qualities; he seems at first, with his boyishly good-looks, to be soft and sweet, a part Indian and a part Irishmen to be a placid romantic. One would never assume at first that Perry is a cold-blooded killer. Instead, one would think the opposite with him being so caring of animals such a squirrels, enjoying the company of children and being an excellent artist and skilled guitar player – â€Å"With the aid of his guitar, Perry had [often] hung himself into a happy humour. He knew the lyrics of some two hundred hymns and ballads – a repertoire ranging [endlessly]† (Capote 59) But, through further analysis one finds that, â€Å"In some ways old Perry was â€Å"spooky as hell†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ He could slide into a fury†¦ â€Å"He might be ready to kill you, but you’d never know it, not to look at or listen to. †Ã¢â‚¬  (Capote 116) What was really going on with Perry, whether he was anxious or nervous, scared or ireful – even with his anxiety causing his blood to bubble, it was almost assured that he would remain cool, calm and collected on the outside, â€Å"with eyes serene and slightly sleepy† (Capote 116). Therefore, Perry had a,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"doom against which virtue was no defense† (Capote 185). He â€Å"had such a rotten life† (Capote 306). In many ways Perry is portrayed in an array of varying degrees of passivity and iniquity. It is then true to state that, â€Å"‘the path of the righteous man is beset on all sides with the iniquities of the selfish and the tyranny of evil men† (Jackson). He was in no doubt destined to the awful vengeance that was incurred upon him – death by hanging from the neck. In contrast to this, Dick Hickock lived a much better life than what Perry did; he lived a somewhat average middle-class lifestyle. As a child he eceived much love from his parents and at one stage received a bicycle for his birthday, which he was indeed very proud of. He partook in most sports and achieved highly even being given a scholarship to go to college (which he did not accept). Instead, he started working and married a young but pretty girl who was above his standards, and even though this was the case, they had children together. Furthermor e, Dick honestly thought of himself as, â€Å"a normal. And Dick meant what he said. He thought of himself as balanced, as sane as anyone – maybe a bit smarter than the average fellow†¦ (Capote 116) He too, at first, seems to be kind hearted as he tends to smile somewhat and make jokes. But with his harmless jokes come harmful ones too, such as in the closing moments of the court case where both Dick and Perry laughed loudly at Dick’s comment of, â€Å"No chicken-hearted jurors, they†! (Capote 307) Moreover, Dick’s truly evil side is portrayed when he speaks of his lust for young adolescents and his paedophiliac propensities. He openly claims that he, â€Å"never [gave] any thought to whether it is right or wrong† (Capote 278). This act in itself is worthy of maximum penalty and coupled with assisted murder of first degree on four counts it is no doubt that he too be destined to the ultimate punishment – death by hanging from the neck. One of the reasons why the novel is so appealing is the nature of its impartiality; in the partnership of Dick and Perry they are both portrayed empathetically as well as like ruthless killers. Throughout the novel there are minor characters that ensure that one feels empathy at times toward the dire-stricken duo and at other times one will feel detestation and abhorrence toward the cowardly couple. With regards to Perry one feels compassion for him when he explains the horrors of his childhood, the way in which he was so often mistreated and misguided and lost out on so many important aspects of growing up that would normally lead to living a normal life. Perry Smith wanted to go to college and receive a proper education and was most jealous of former in-mate Lowell Lee Andrews who had what he desired, despising him for it. One might feel sorry for him insofar that he suffers from pain in his legs as a result of a motorcycle accident and resultantly became an addict of aspirin. One might even be envious of him for he is full of wisdom, being opposed to conventionalism for, â€Å"there is considerable hypocrisy in conventionalism† (Capote 150) and for being so artistically and musically inclined. It is Perry’s father, Tex John Smith, and his friends, Donald Cullivan and Willie-Jay? On the other hand, though it need not be mentioned why, one feels utter distaste towards such a felon for his heinous crimes are unspeakable and his lack of remorse is most certainly worthy of hatred and the label of ‘a cold-blooded killer’. Perry’s cold-bloodedness is most clearly portrayed when he openly exclaims, â€Å"[he] didn’t want to harm [Herb Clutter]. [He] thought he was a very nice gentleman. Soft-spoken. [He] thought so right up to the moment [he] cut his throat. † (Capote, 246). With regards to Dick, one would also be inclined to think kindly of him because he is a clever and quirky man, always â€Å"quick with a joke, or to light up [one’s] smoke† (Joel). He would hardly be seen without a smile and to be quite charming. The people in his life, which cared for him most, would be his parents, Mr. nd Mrs. Hickock – who never spoke badly of their son and always had hope and faith in him, even up until the last moment. It is precisely this aspect which makes one feel compassion for Dick. However, one finds his actions inexcusable and sees him as a cold blooded killer insofar as he was the main instigator for the ‘score’ of the Clutter household. He was the ringleader and the mastermind of the whole operation and he perpetually insisted that him and Perry leave no witnesses standing. It is thus that he is rightfully named a ‘cold-blooded killer’. Furthermore, there is a great contrast with regards to the theme of light and dark pertaining to Dick and Perry and the Clutter family, for even though Dick and Perry initially seem to be somewhat gentle or not as malevolent as they are after what one eventually learns about them, they most certainly are laced with evil streaks. Conversely, the Clutter family, each and every one of them was of pure goodness, not just in appearance or facades but in their minds and hearts too. Their souls were comprised of untainted decency. They were a tightly knit unit that worked coherently to enrich others’ ives. Similarly, Dick and Perry also worked together, a team but conversely yet again, their aim was to impoverish other peoples’ lives. Moreover, the narrative scope is from two varying viewpoints: that of the Clutter  family  who were innocently murdered, and that of the two cold-blooded killers, Dick and Perry. The different points of view allow one to relive both sides of the story; Capote presents them without foregone conclusions hence, each standpoint is one of impartiality. Capote works wizardry with the use of the third person omniscient perspective to communicate the two points of view. Emphasis is laid on some important scenes in the novel because of the way it is not written in complete chronological order. Finally, by closely analysing various aspects of the novel such as character and theme, whether or not Dick and Perry are portrayed empathetically or as cold-blooded killers, and how the theme of dark versus light is portrayed in the two main characters in accordance with the Clutter family and the effect of narrative scope we can fully understand what a wonderful masterpiece Truman Capote has fashioned. Word Count: 1794 Bibliography Capote, Truman. In Cold Blood. New York: Penguin Books, 1965. Joel, Bille. â€Å"Pianoman. † Piano Man. cond. M Stewart. By Billie Joel. Los Angeles, 1973. Pulp Fiction. Dir. Quentin Tarantino. Perf. Samuel L. Jackson. 1994.

Conflict Resolution Plan - 1138 Words

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The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1279 Words

The novel, The Great Gatsby, by F.Scott Fitzgerald is about the failure of the American dream in the roaring twenties. The American dream is the concept that in America, every citizen reaches an optimistic and illusionary goal to meet wealth and happiness. The characters that Fitzgerald usea in the novel, are all attempting to reach a life where there isn’t any inequality and poverty. The characters of the novel are divided into two different groups: 1. The rich upper class where they live on East Egg and the lower class society that lives within the West Egg. However, the unrealistic goal to meet the American Dream does not turn into a reality, no real sign of joy and happiness but instead it creates lots of problems for the characters in the book. The cruel pursuit of wealth, Jay Gatsby’s insistence of holding on Daisy and the corruption of the upper class society shows why the American dream was never achieved. 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